Pillar
Where is the money, and did it turn into anything physical?
Reconstruction financing, infrastructure, ports, power, housing, sanctions and banking. The flagship pillar, and the one where the gap between announcement and asphalt is widest.
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LiveEvery announced reconstruction project, dated, with the furthest stage we can evidence. Updated monthly.
Syria's reconstruction bill is ten times its annual output. The money currently on the table — pledges, memoranda, aid — covers a small fraction of it, and much of that is not money at all.
A summary of Modern Diplomacy's analysis: by the time American firms reached Damascus's July forum, Syria's ports, airports, power grid and telecoms were already allocated to a small circle of Gulf conglomerates — operating with almost no competition law.
Inflation fell from 130 percent to 12 percent in two years. The budget flipped to surplus. Ports, banks and oil fields came back online. None of it has yet reached the household.
Announced value, and the furthest stage we can evidence. Full detail on the tracker.